The unceremonious and gruff announcement of President Joe Biden to withdraw US forces from Afghanistan, once again authenticated reservations of Afghan politicians and military generals that the United States has embraced the culture of breaking faith with friends and allies. The US leadership has never been a true friend of Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq since 2001. It has committed numerous war crimes in Asia and African, while its antagonism against Islam is not a new thing. In the 1990s, after the dissolution of the Union of Soviet, Pentagon and CIA left Afghanistan in trouble, which prompted civil war and the collapse of Afghan state in 1992. This unethical and untraditional dealing with allies has made dubious credibility of the CIA and Pentagon in the eyes of Russia, Muslim World and China. Contents Introduction Chapter 1 Final Phase of Troops Withdrawal, Proxy Militias, Taliban, the ISIS and Afghan Intelligence Agencies Chapter 2 The Biden Presidency: What Choices for Afghan Policy Remain? Kate Clark Chapter 3 Overcoming Inertia Why It’s Time to End the War in Afghanistan John Glaser and John Mueller Chapter 4 US Intervention in Afghanistan: Justifying the Unjustifiable? Leoni Connah Chapter 5 Ending Pakistan’s Proxy War in Afghanistan Chris Alexander Chapter 6 Role of Pakistan in the Afghan Peace Process Dr. Ghulam Mustafa, Dr. Zahid Yaseen, and Aamir Junaid Chapter 7 Pakistani Unconventional Warfare against Afghanistan: A Case Study of the Taliban as an Unconventional Warfare Proxy Force Douglas A. Livermore Chapter 8 India’s Policy Towards Afghanistan: Implications to the Regional Security Governance Jin WANG Chapter 9 India’s Role in Afghan Peace Process Dr. Ghulam Mustafa, Aamir Junaid, Rana Basam Khan and Imran Wakil Chapter 10 The Stagnation of Afghanistan’s State Institutions: Case Studies of the Supreme Court, Senate, Provincial Councils and the Constitutional Oversight Commission Ali Yawar Adili, Rohullah Sorush, Sayed Asadullah Chapter 11 Afghanistan State Structure and Security Forces EASO COI Country of Origin Information Report Chapter 12 Rebel Governance, Rebel Legitimacy, and External Intervention: Assessing three Phases of Taliban Rule in Afghanistan Niels Terpstra Chapter 13 They’ve Shot Many Like This: Abusive Night Raids by CIA-Backed Afghan Strike Forces Human Rights Watch Report October 31, 2019 Chapter 14 At any Price we will take the Mines: the Islamic State, the Taliban, and Afghanistan’s White Talc Mountains The Global Witness Research Report Notes to Chapter Index