The equipment used in the past as well as the modern equipment, even the smallest part of a system, is described and can be recognised easily. The drugs are described in accurate, short, comparable and tabular format so that the students can learn the difference in the drugs of the same group easily. This account is precise and is relevant for viva voce examinations. The are relevant ECGs, X-rays and ventilation EtCO2 waveforms which are useful in clinical practice and included in the viva voce examination. This is the thoroughly revised and updated edition of the book which deals with an accurate and relevant account of these topics for practical and viva voce examinations of MD, DA and DNB courses. This is also relevant as a ready-reckoner for all practitioners as it gives a graphic and text account of each instrument.